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| cSounds.com - tutorials - An Instrument Design TOOTorial Toot 3: Envelopes Although in the second instrument we could control and vary the overall amplitude from note to note, it would be more musical if we could contour the loudness during the course of each note. To do this we'll need to employ an additional unit generator linen, which the Csound reference manual defines as follows:
kr linen kamp, irise, idur, idec ar linen xamp, irise, idur, idec linen is a signal modifier, capable of computing its output at either control or audio rates. Since we plan to use it to modify the amplitude envelope of the oscillator, we'll choose the latter version. Three of linen's arguments expect i-rate variables. The fourth expects in one instance a k-rate variable (or anything slower), and in the other an x-variable (meaning a-rate or anything slower). Our linen we will get its amp from p4.
The output of the linen (k1) is patched into the kamp argument of an oscil. This applies an envelope to the oscil. The orchestra and score files now appear as:
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